Raw Material Introduction｜Cedarwood (Virginian)

▎Essential Oil Introduction

Cedarwood (Virginian), though commonly referred to as cedar, actually belongs to the cypress family and is related to juniper. Unlike the taller Atlantic or Himalayan cedars, Cedarwood (Virginian) is smaller and produces small, charming berries, often used by Native Americans to make decorative jewelry. Today, it is a common ornamental plant found in the U.S. and Canada, its primary production areas. It has a natural, faint resinous scent, with hard wood and a long lifespan, making it a popular building material. Historically, it has been used for centuries, and legend has it that the beams of Solomon's Temple were made from cedar, symbolizing strength and growth.

While cedar was once used for constructing temples and large structures, it is now mainly used for making pencils and small wooden items like boxes, earning it the name "pencil cedar." Its pleasant woody aroma makes it ideal for diffusing, with calming and soothing properties. Cedarwood (Virginian) is often found in men's skincare products and colognes. It is also called fragrant cedarwood, and records show that ancient Egyptians used cedarwood essential oil for disinfection and preservation. In the Bible, "Lebanon Cedar" frequently appears, symbolizing purity and nobility.

Cedarwood (Virginian) essential oil is known for regulating the endocrine and nervous systems. With high concentrations of cedrene and cedrol, it has specific effects on neurotransmitters like serotonin, making it suitable for use during times of impulsivity, restlessness, or emotional distress, helping to clear the mind of clutter.

▎Component Analysis

｜Main component: α-pinene

The main components are α-pinene, cedrene, cis-thujopsene, β-caryophyllene, γ-muurolene, and cedrol, along with some trace elements such as cedrandione.

｜Comparing different types of cedarwoods:

	Cedarwood (Atlas)	Cedarwood (Himalayan)	Cedarwood (Virginian)
Latin name	Cedrus atlantica	Cedrus deodara	Juniperus virginiana
Origin	Morocco	India, China	North America
Aroma	Lively and fragrant	Rich	Pencil-like woody scent
Species	White cedar	White cedar	Red cedar
Essential oil color/scent	Yellow and viscous / pine resin scent	Yellow and viscous / pine resin scent	Colorless and transparent / woody scent

｜Research Validation

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▎References

1. Yohana R, et al. Anti-mosquito properties of Pelargonium roseum (Geraniaceae) and Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae) essential oils against dominant malaria vectors in Africa. Malar J. 2022. Jul dominant malaria vectors in Africa. Malar J. 2022. Jul 14;21(1):219.1):
2. Taib A, et al. Patterns of genetic diversity in North Africa: Moroccan-Algerian genetic split in Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana. Sci Rep. 2020. Mar 16;10(1):4810.
3. Darwish RS, et al. Efficacy-directed discrimination of the essential oils of three Juniperus species based on their in-vitro antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020. Sep 15;
4. Kaur R, et al. The ecological and economic determinants of eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) encroachment in grassland and forested ecosystems: A case study from Oklahoma. J Environ Manage. 2020. Jan 15;54: 15;
5. B Semerdjieva I, et al. Hydrodistillation Extraction Kinetics Regression Models for Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Juniperus virginiana, J. excelsa, and J. sabina. Molecules. 2019. Mar 11;24(5):986.
6. Zhang K, et al. The anxiolytic effect of Juniperus virginiana L. essential oil and determination of its active constituents. Physiol Behav. 2018. May 15;189:50-58.
7. Kašparová M, et al. Production of Podophyllotoxin by Plant Tissue Cultures of Juniperus virginiana. Nat Prod Commun. 2017. Jan;12(1):101-103.
8. Noden BH, et al. Involvement of invasive eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) in the expansion of Amblyomma americanum in Oklahoma. J Vector Ecol. 2017. Jun;42(1):178-183.
9. Kašparová M, et al. Plant Tissue Cultures of Juniperus virginiana.
10. Nat Prod Commun. 2016. May;11(5):681-3
11. Tumen I, et al. Topical wound-healing effects and phytochemical composition of heartwood essential oils of Juniperus virginiana L., Juniperus occidentalis Hook., and Juniperus ashei J. Buchholz. Jiperus occidentalis Hook., and Juniperus ashei J. Buchholz. J Med Food.2013); :48-55.

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