Raw Material Introduction｜Lemongrass

▎Essential Oil Introduction

Lemongrass grows up to 120 centimeters and is a perennial herb that thrives in warm climates, allowing for two harvests per year. Native to tropical Asia, it adapts well to its environment. Depending on the region, it may have white or red stems, with essential oils typically extracted from the white stem variety. Its aroma is sweet and lemony, often used in herbal teas and as a key spice in Thai cuisine. In India, where it has been used for thousands of years, lemongrass is known as "Choomana poolu" and serves as an herbal remedy for fevers and infections.

Before World War II, Indonesia was the main supplier of lemongrass, but production has since shifted to Spain. Today, lemongrass essential oil is usually extracted from fresh, young cultivated grass. The leaves often have serrated edges, so they should be handled carefully to avoid cuts. High-quality lemongrass essential oil loses its citral content when exposed to air and light and is commonly used in cosmetics, fragrances, cleaning products, and soaps.

▎Component Analysis

｜Main components: Aldehydes

The main components include approximately 70-80% citral (which can increase eye pressure), 2-10% citronellal, along with other compounds such as limonene, geraniol, and linalool.

｜Research Validation

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▎References

1. Marinković J 等人。香茅精油：對抗糞腸球菌根管生物膜的奈米乳液的活性成分。未來微生物。 2021 年 8 月；16:907-918。
2. Martins WDS 等人。檸檬草（Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf）精油微粒：開發、表徵和抗氧化潛力。食品化學。 2021 年。9 月 1 日；355:129644。
3. Hacke ACM 等。 Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf、檸檬醛和香葉醇在戊四唑誘導的斑馬魚癲癇發作中表現出抗驚厥和神經保護作用。 J Ethnopharmacol。 2021 年。7 月 15 日；275:114142。
4. 博爾赫斯 PHO 等人。 Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf 類黃酮對 α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑製作用。 J Ethnopharmacol。 2021 年。11 月 15 日；280:114470。
5. Noazira Wan Adnan W 等。香茅精油和丁香油對羅氏沼蝦的麻醉效果。 Pak J 生物科學。 2021 年 1 月；24(7)：756-764。
6. Noazira Wan Adnan W 等。香茅精油 (EO) 對巨型淡水蝦（羅氏沼蝦）處理壓力的影響。 Pak J 生物科學。 2021 年 1 月；24(1)：13-18。
7. Gomes LF 等人。檸檬草（Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf）具有抗腫瘤作用並提高前列腺癌細胞的化療活性。抗癌劑醫學化學。 2021；21(17):2337-2350。
8. Elekofehinti OO，等人。 Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf 透過下調 GRP78 和上調 Nrf2 訊號傳導來減輕鏈脲佐菌素誘導的大鼠 ER 壓力。 J Ethnopharmacol。 2020 年。11 月 15 日；262:113130。
9. Madi YF 等人。埃及栽培香茅的 UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS 代謝分析；對 AlCl3 誘導的大鼠神經毒性的神經保護作用。 J Ethnopharmacol。 2020 年。9 月 15 日；259:112930。
10. Boukhatem MN 等人。檸檬草（Cymbopogon citratus）精油作為有效的抗炎和抗真菌藥物。利比亞醫學雜誌。 2014 年。9 月 19 日；9:25431。

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