小豆蔻 Cardamom
拉丁學名|Elletteria Cardamomum
主要產地|印度
原料分類|香料系列
原料規格|500g-25kg 詳情請洽業務
萃取部位|種子
萃取方式|蒸餾
植物科別|姜科
植物氣味|溫暖馥鬱混有檸檬與香料氣味,微帶苦味
▎精油簡介
小荳蔻(Elettaria cardamomum) 一種多年生草本植物,高度達2~3米,多為野生,在印度和斯里蘭卡,有人工栽培,葉片細長、綠色、柔軟似刀片,小花黃色、頂端紫羅蘭色,果實呈淡黃綠色,內部含紅褐色橢圓形種子,肉質根莖與薑相似。
在印度、歐洲、中東地區,被稱為「樂園穀物」、「香料王」,古希臘和古羅馬人,也視荳蔻為價值高的香料之一,古埃及人會用來薰香,幾千年來,在阿拉伯文化和東方醫學中,都有相當地位,也被收錄在其中一部古老的古埃及有名藥典內。大約在西元前七世紀,由巴比倫國王培植。
荳蔻也像其他芳香植物如橙花一樣,被認為有增進伴侶間的感情作用,不過其效果不如其他植物強大,通常需要並用其他香料。荳蔻在中世紀被稱為「維納斯之火」,是當時的愛情靈藥。在西藏,它是一種用來療養焦慮的藥材。
荳蔻精油可以透過蒸餾法從新鮮果實萃取,也可以用超臨界二氧化碳萃取法進行。巨大的荳蔻精油生產國是印度,而荳蔻精油的萃取生產可以追溯到16世紀,用它做為花香調香水添加。荳蔻精油呈無色至淡黃色,以蒸餾方式萃取的荳蔻精油主要是1.8-桉油醇、乙酸萜品酯。
▎成分解析
|主要成分:氧化物類
主要成分為桉油醇(具有解黏液的作用),乙酸萜品酯、乙酸沉香醇、檸檬烯、犛牛兒醇等其他成分。
|研究認證
▸ 法蘭貢和潘威爾等研究學者認為它有刺激、降低肌肉突然攣縮、抗黏膜炎和祛痰的作用,應該來自其中高含量的1.8-尤加利油醇。
|原料認證
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▎參考文獻
- Emira Noumi, Mejdi, Snoussi, Mousa M. Alreshidi, Punchappady-Devasya Rekha, Kanekar Saptami, Lucia Caputo, Laura De Martino, Lucéia Fatima Souza, Kamel Msaada, Emilia Mancini, Guido Flamini, Abdulbasit Alzosie 和 Vinceel Msaada, Emilia Mancini, Guido Flamini, Abdulbasit Alzosie 和 Vinceel Msaada . Chemical and biological evaluation of essential oils from cardamom species. Molecules, October 2018; 23: 1-18.
- Abdullah, Ali Asghar, Masood Sadiq Butt, Muhammad hahid, Qingrong Huang, Evaluating the antimicrobial potential of green cardamom essential oil focusing quorum sensing inhibition of Chromobacterium violaceum Technology。 -2315
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- Poonam Khatri, JS Rana, Pragati Jamdagni and Anil Sindhu. Phytochemical screening, GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of methanolic extracts leaves of Elettaria cardamomum. International Journal of Research Granthaalayah, 2017.
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